Unity3D與Sqlite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)直連

網(wǎng)址：http://bbs.9ria.com/forum.php?mod=viewthreadtid=168629fromuid=308561 這幾天也順便研究了下Unity3D 如何與 Sqlite 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行直連的問(wèn)題。不廢話了，直接介紹吧。原文來(lái)自于： http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php/Sqlite ，大家可以去學(xué)習(xí)下。 1、

網(wǎng)址：http://bbs.9ria.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=168629&fromuid=308561

這幾天也順便研究了下Unity3D如何與Sqlite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行直連的問(wèn)題。不廢話了，直接介紹吧。原文來(lái)自于：http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php/Sqlite，大家可以去學(xué)習(xí)下。

1、環(huán)境介紹：

Windows7，Unity3D，SQLite Expert Personal 3

2、開發(fā)語(yǔ)言：

JavaScript

3、需要的dll文件：

Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll和sqlite3.dll，稍后我會(huì)將所有文件打包在一起供大家討論下，先看下這些dll文件應(yīng)該被放在哪里，看下面的截圖：

，一定要在這個(gè)目錄下，請(qǐng)跟我保持一致。

4、如果需要將編譯好的程序發(fā)布成功的話，需要改一些地方，具體見(jiàn)下面的截圖：

要改動(dòng)的地方我已經(jīng)用紅色標(biāo)記出來(lái)了，注意這個(gè)要改成.NET2.0，這樣才能夠發(fā)布的。系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的不是.NET2.0，大家這一點(diǎn)要注意?。?！

5、下面來(lái)看下代碼吧，先看下如何創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的代碼，這一篇代碼是不用掛到任何對(duì)象上面去的，你只用把它當(dāng)成一個(gè)工具即可。如下所示：

/* Javascript class for accessing SQLite objects.

To use it, you need to make sure you COPY Mono.Data.SQLiteClient.dll from wherever it lives in your Unity directory

to your project's Assets folder

Originally created by dklompmaker in 2009

http://forum.unity3d.com/threads ... sier-Database-Stuff

Modified 2011 by Alan Chatham */

//#pragma strict

/*代碼描述

*本代碼是為了在Windows環(huán)境下運(yùn)行unity3d和Sqlite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)而寫的；實(shí)現(xiàn)的基本功能是unity3d能夠與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之間進(jìn)行基本的通信，比如說(shuō)

在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)被改變了以后，unity3d中得到的數(shù)據(jù)也會(huì)在刷新了之后跟著改變；這只是一個(gè)基本的核心的技術(shù)，為的是能夠應(yīng)用在大型的unity3d

項(xiàng)目中，能夠存儲(chǔ)場(chǎng)景中的項(xiàng)目的屬性，在需要改變對(duì)象的屬性或增加、減少等對(duì)象時(shí)能夠很方便的用得上。

要實(shí)現(xiàn)本代碼。首先需要一些dll文件，一個(gè)是Mono.Data.SQLiteClient.dll，另外一個(gè)是sqlite3.dll，這些文件都能夠在unity3d的安裝目錄中找得到。

除此之外，還需要把這兩個(gè)文件放在你的項(xiàng)目的這個(gè)路徑下面：\Assets\Plugins\，沒(méi)有Plugins文件夾就必須創(chuàng)建這個(gè)文件夾，然后將這兩個(gè)dll文件放在該文件夾寫。

當(dāng)然，如果你想能夠在PC上面發(fā)布成可執(zhí)行文件，還需要改動(dòng)一些地方。在unity3d中的Play Setting ->Other Setting 中將Api Compatibility的等級(jí)改為

.NET 2.0;那么這些操作做完了以后，如果你的代碼寫得沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，那么你就可以成功了。

好了，下面咱們來(lái)詳細(xì)解釋下代碼吧。

1. *
   
2. */
   
3. import System.Data; // we import our data class 我們先導(dǎo)入我們的數(shù)據(jù)集
   
4. import Mono.Data.Sqlite; // we import sqlite 我們導(dǎo)入sqlite數(shù)據(jù)集，也就是Plugins文件夾下的那個(gè)dll文件
   
5. 
   
6. class dbAccess {
   
7. // variables for basic query access
   
8. private var connection : String; //數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的連接字符串，用于建立與特定數(shù)據(jù)源的連接
   
9. private var dbcon : IDbConnection; //IDbConnection的連接對(duì)象，其實(shí)就是一個(gè)類對(duì)象
   
10. private var dbcmd : IDbCommand; //IDbCommand類對(duì)象，用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的命令:注解:我在網(wǎng)上資料看到的如何實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)執(zhí)行命令：
    
11. //首先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)IDbConnection連接對(duì)象，然后將一條數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)命令賦值給一個(gè)字符串，利用這個(gè)字符串和連接對(duì)象
    
12. //就可以創(chuàng)建(new)一個(gè)IDbCommand對(duì)象了，然后使用提供的方法就可以執(zhí)行這個(gè)命令了。
    
13. private var reader : IDataReader; //reader的作用就是讀取結(jié)果集的一個(gè)或多個(gè)只進(jìn)結(jié)果流
    
14. 
    
15. function OpenDB(p : String){
    
16. connection = "URI=file:" + p; // we set the connection to our database
    
17. dbcon = new SqliteConnection(connection);
    
18. dbcon.Open(); //打開數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接操作
    
19. }
    
20. 
    
21. function BasicQuery(q : String, r : boolean){ // run a baic Sqlite query
    
22. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand(); // create empty command
    
23. dbcmd.CommandText = q; // fill the command
    
24. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader(); // execute command which returns a reader 返回IDataReader的對(duì)象，創(chuàng)建IDataReader的對(duì)象
    
25. if(r){ // if we want to return the reader
    
26. return reader; // return the reader 返回讀取的對(duì)象，就是讀到了什么東西
    
27. }
    
28. }
    
29. 
    
30. // This returns a 2 dimensional ArrayList with all the
    
31. // data from the table requested
    
32. function ReadFullTable(tableName : String){
    
33. var query : String;
    
34. query = "SELECT * FROM " + tableName;
    
35. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand();
    
36. dbcmd.CommandText = query;
    
37. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader();
    
38. var readArray = new ArrayList();
    
39. while(reader.Read()){
    
40. var lineArray = new ArrayList();
    
41. for (var i = 0; i < reader.FieldCount; i++)
    
42. lineArray.Add(reader.GetValue(i)); // This reads the entries in a row
    
43. readArray.Add(lineArray); // This makes an array of all the rows
    
44. }
    
45. return readArray; // return matches
    
46. }
    
47. 
    
48. // This function deletes all the data in the given table. Forever. WATCH OUT! Use sparingly, if at all
    
49. function DeleteTableContents(tableName : String){
    
50. var query : String;
    
51. query = "DELETE FROM " + tableName;
    
52. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand();
    
53. dbcmd.CommandText = query;
    
54. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader();
    
55. }
    
56. 
    
57. function CreateTable(name : String, col : Array, colType : Array){ // Create a table, name, column array, column type array
    
58. var query : String;
    
59. query = "CREATE TABLE " + name + "(" + col[0] + " " + colType[0];
    
60. for(var i=1; i
61. query += ", " + col + " " + colType;
    
62. }
    
63. query += ")";
    
64. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand(); // create empty command
    
65. dbcmd.CommandText = query; // fill the command
    
66. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader(); // execute command which returns a reader
    
67. }
    
68. function InsertIntoSingle(tableName : String, colName : String, value : String){ // single insert
    
69. var query : String;
    
70. query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + colName + ") " + "VALUES (" + value + ")";
    
71. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand(); // create empty command
    
72. dbcmd.CommandText = query; // fill the command
    
73. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader(); // execute command which returns a reader
    
74. }
    
75. function InsertIntoSpecific(tableName : String, col : Array, values : Array){ // Specific insert with col and values
    
76. var query : String;
    
77. query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + col[0];
    
78. for(var i=1; i
79. query += ", " + col;
    
80. }
    
81. query += ") VALUES (" + values[0];
    
82. for(i=1; i
83. query += ", " + values;
    
84. }
    
85. query += ")";
    
86. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand();
    
87. dbcmd.CommandText = query;
    
88. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader();
    
89. }
    
90. 
    
91. function InsertInto(tableName : String, values : Array){ // basic Insert with just values
    
92. var query : String;
    
93. query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + " VALUES (" + values[0];
    
94. for(var i=1; i
95. query += ", " + values;
    
96. }
    
97. query += ")";
    
98. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand();
    
99. dbcmd.CommandText = query;
    
100. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader();
     
101. }
     
102. 
     
103. // This function reads a single column
     
104. // wCol is the WHERE column, wPar is the operator you want to use to compare with,
     
105. // and wValue is the value you want to compare against.
     
106. // Ex. - SingleSelectWhere("puppies", "breed", "earType", "=", "floppy")
     
107. // returns an array of matches from the command: SELECT breed FROM puppies WHERE earType = floppy;
     
108. function SingleSelectWhere(tableName : String, itemToSelect : String, wCol : String, wPar : String, wValue : String){ // Selects a single Item
     
109. var query : String;
     
110. query = "SELECT " + itemToSelect + " FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + wCol + wPar + wValue;
     
111. dbcmd = dbcon.CreateCommand();
     
112. dbcmd.CommandText = query;
     
113. reader = dbcmd.ExecuteReader();
     
114. var readArray = new Array();
     
115. while(reader.Read()){
     
116. readArray.Push(reader.GetString(0)); // Fill array with all matches
     
117. }
     
118. return readArray; // return matches
     
119. }
     
120. 
     
121. 
     
122. function CloseDB(){
     
123. reader.Close(); // clean everything up
     
124. reader = null;
     
125. dbcmd.Dispose();
     
126. dbcmd = null;
     
127. dbcon.Close();
     
128. dbcon = null;
     
129. }
     
130. 
     
131. }

上述代碼的基本的增刪改查什么的都具有了，仔細(xì)看看然后加上我的注釋，這段代碼也不難，就是可能初學(xué)的話有點(diǎn)難以接受，說(shuō)實(shí)話我也是初學(xué)，如果沒(méi)有原文，我是絕對(duì)寫不出來(lái)這個(gè)的。。

7、好了，下面我們?cè)賮?lái)看看如何在Unity3D中使用這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的代碼吧：

1. //#pragma strict
   
2. /* Script for testing out SQLite in Javascript
   
3. 2011 - Alan Chatham
   
4. Released into the public domain
   
5. 
   
6. This script is a GUI script - attach it to your main camera.
   
7. It creates/opens a SQLite database, and with the GUI you can read and write to it.
   
8. */
   
9. 
   
10. // This is the file path of the database file we want to use
    
11. // Right now, it'll load TestDB.sqdb in the project's root folder.
    
12. // If one doesn't exist, it will be automatically created.
    
13. public var DatabaseName : String = "TestDB.sqdb";
    
14. 
    
15. // This is the name of the table we want to use
    
16. public var TableName : String = "TestTable";
    
17. var db : dbAccess;
    
18. 
    
19. function Start(){
    
20. // Give ourselves a dbAccess object to work with, and open it
    
21. 
    
22. 
    
23. 
    
24. db = new dbAccess();
    
25. db.OpenDB(DatabaseName);
    
26. // Let's make sure we've got a table to work with as well!
    
27. var tableName = TableName;
    
28. var columnNames = new Array("firstName","lastName");
    
29. var columnValues = new Array("text","text");
    
30. try {db.CreateTable(tableName,columnNames,columnValues);
    
31. }
    
32. catch(e){// Do nothing - our table was already created判斷表是否被創(chuàng)建了
    
33. //- we don't care about the error, we just don't want to see it
    
34. }
    
35. }
    
36. 
    
37. // These variables just hold info to display in our GUI
    
38. var firstName : String = "First Name";
    
39. var lastName : String = "Last Name";
    
40. var DatabaseEntryStringWidth = 100;
    
41. var scrollPosition : Vector2;
    
42. var databaseData : ArrayList = new ArrayList();
    
43. 
    
44. // This GUI provides us with a way to enter data into our database
    
45. // as well as a way to view it
    
46. function OnGUI(){
    
47. GUI.Box(Rect (25,25,Screen.width - 50, Screen.height - 50),"Data");
    
48. GUILayout.BeginArea(Rect(50, 50, Screen.width - 100, Screen.height - 100));
    
49. // This first block allows us to enter new entries into our table
    
50. GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
    
51. firstName = GUILayout.TextField(firstName, GUILayout.Width (DatabaseEntryStringWidth));
    
52. lastName = GUILayout.TextField(lastName, GUILayout.Width (DatabaseEntryStringWidth));
    
53. 
    
54. //lastName = GUILayout.TextField();
    
55. GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
    
56. 
    
57. if (GUILayout.Button("Add to database")){
    
58. // Insert the data
    
59. InsertRow(firstName,lastName);
    
60. // And update the readout of the database
    
61. databaseData = ReadFullTable();
    
62. }
    
63. // This second block gives us a button that will display/refresh the contents of our database
    
64. GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
    
65. if (GUILayout.Button ("Read Database"))
    
66. databaseData = ReadFullTable();
    
67. if (GUILayout.Button("Clear"))
    
68. databaseData.Clear();
    
69. GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
    
70. 
    
71. GUILayout.Label("Database Contents");
    
72. scrollPosition = GUILayout.BeginScrollView(scrollPosition, GUILayout.Height(100));
    
73. for (var line : ArrayList in databaseData){
    
74. GUILayout.BeginHorizontal();
    
75. for (var s in line){
    
76. GUILayout.Label(s.ToString(), GUILayout.Width(DatabaseEntryStringWidth));
    
77. }
    
78. GUILayout.EndHorizontal();
    
79. }
    
80. 
    
81. GUILayout.EndScrollView();
    
82. if (GUILayout.Button("Delete All Data")){ Unity3D與Sqlite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)直連.rar (168.27 KB, 下載次數(shù): 239)
    
83. 
    
84. 
    
85. Unity3D與Sqlite數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)直連.rar (446.06 KB, 下載次數(shù): 584)
    
86. 
    
87. 
    
88. 
    
89. 
    
90. 
    
91. DeleteTableContents();
    
92. databaseData = ReadFullTable();
    
93. }
    
94. GUILayout.EndArea();
    
95. }
    
96. 
    
97. // Wrapper function for inserting our specific entries into our specific database and table for this file
    
98. function InsertRow(firstName, lastName){
    
99. var values = new Array(("'"+firstName+"'"),("'"+lastName+"'"));
    
100. db.InsertInto(TableName, values);
     
101. }
     
102. 
     
103. // Wrapper function, so we only mess with our table.
     
104. function ReadFullTable(){
     
105. return db.ReadFullTable(TableName);
     
106. }
     
107. 
     
108. // Another wrapper function...
     
109. function DeleteTableContents(){
     
110. db.DeleteTableContents(TableName);
     
111. }

這一段代碼是要你掛在你的主攝像機(jī)上面的，其實(shí)我對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)方面的知識(shí)很淺陋，很多地方還不是很理解，希望有高人能夠?qū)⑦@段代碼進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的注釋，以便能讓我們這種菜鳥級(jí)別的能夠充分吸收啊。。

9、下面咱們?cè)賮?lái)看看我們的運(yùn)行結(jié)果吧：

這是在Unity3D中運(yùn)行的結(jié)果，我們?cè)囋噷?duì)數(shù)據(jù)的操作會(huì)怎么樣

我們看見(jiàn)了我們對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的操作能夠成功，經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試，其他的Button也都能出現(xiàn)相對(duì)應(yīng)的效果，那我們?cè)倏纯催@個(gè)到底有沒(méi)有生成我們想要的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件：

看看截圖大家就知道了：

看見(jiàn)沒(méi)，生成了我們想要的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件了。那我們?cè)賮?lái)看看這個(gè)文件當(dāng)中有木有數(shù)據(jù)：

1. 看見(jiàn)了沒(méi)，我們成功了。經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試，我們?cè)趯?duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行操作的時(shí)候，我們的Unity3D中的數(shù)據(jù)也會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的改變了，所以，這次我們成功了。在這里我們要感謝原文的支持哈。希望路過(guò)的高手勿噴哈。。

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