由于目前還廣泛使用著SQLServer2000,很多公司又想使用新的SQLServer,從而直接【分離/附加】或者【備份/還原】數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),在不同版本之間存放。往往就會(huì)遇到版本不兼容的問題。前幾天遇到了從我本機(jī)2008R2上備份的一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)還原到2008上面時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò):
從運(yùn)行版本10.50.2500(2008R2是10.50)和10.00.1600(2008是10.00)中可以看出這個(gè)版本不兼容問題,大部分情況下,從低版本升級(jí)到高版本,只要不是跨度太大,如2000升級(jí)到2012,都不會(huì)怎么報(bào)錯(cuò)。除非使用了一些新版本不兼容的特性如*=來實(shí)現(xiàn)left join的語句。但是就像上圖那樣,從高版本還原到低版本的時(shí)候,問題就出現(xiàn)了,而且?guī)缀跻欢〞?huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。
下面給出幾個(gè)小建議,例子是從2008 降級(jí)到2005:
方法一:使用圖形化操作(GUI),打開SSMS(SQL Server Management Studio)
步驟1:右鍵你要降級(jí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),按下圖選擇:
步驟2:在對(duì)話框中選擇:
步驟3:在【高級(jí)】中選擇下圖:
步驟4:把腳本保存起來,然后在SQLServer2005中運(yùn)行腳本。詳細(xì)步驟可以看:http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390438560?page=1#post-394316973 中的13樓的回復(fù),有截圖步驟5:通過【任務(wù)】→【導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)】,把數(shù)據(jù)從2008導(dǎo)入到使用腳本創(chuàng)建的庫(kù)上如下圖,就完成了:
方法二:使用系統(tǒng)自帶的存儲(chǔ)過程實(shí)現(xiàn):sp_dbcmptlevel ——將某些數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)行為設(shè)置為與指定的 SQL Server 版本兼容
下面是其內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼:
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO create procedure sys.sp_dbcmptlevel -- 1997/04/15 @dbname sysname = NULL, -- database name to change @new_cmptlevel tinyint = NULL OUTPUT -- the new compatibility level to change to as set nocount on declare @exec_stmt nvarchar(max) declare @returncode int declare @comptlevel float(8) declare @dbid int -- dbid of the database declare @dbsid varbinary(85) -- id of the owner of the database declare @orig_cmptlevel tinyint -- original compatibility level declare @input_cmptlevel tinyint -- compatibility level passed in by user ,@cmptlvl80 tinyint -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 8.0 ,@cmptlvl90 tinyint -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 9.0 ,@cmptlvl100 tinyint -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 10.0 select @cmptlvl80 = 80, @cmptlvl90 = 90, @cmptlvl100 = 100 -- SP MUST BE CALLED AT ADHOC LEVEL -- if (@@nestlevel > 1) begin raiserror(15432,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel') return (1) end -- If no @dbname given, just list the valid compatibility level values. if @dbname is null begin raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) return (0) end -- Verify the database name and get info select @dbid = dbid, @dbsid = sid ,@orig_cmptlevel = cmptlevel from master.dbo.sysdatabases where name = @dbname -- If @dbname not found, say so and list the databases. if @dbid is null begin raiserror(15010,-1,-1,@dbname) print ' ' select name as 'Available databases:' from master.dbo.sysdatabases return (1) end -- Now save the input compatibility level and initialize the return clevel -- to be the current clevel select @input_cmptlevel = @new_cmptlevel select @new_cmptlevel = @orig_cmptlevel -- If no clevel was supplied, display and output current level. if @input_cmptlevel is null begin raiserror(15054, -1, -1, @orig_cmptlevel) return(0) end -- If invalid clevel given, print usage and return error code -- 'usage: sp_dbcmptlevel [dbname [, compatibilitylevel]]' if @input_cmptlevel not in (@cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) begin raiserror(15416, -1, -1) print ' ' raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) return (1) end -- Only the SA or the dbo of @dbname can execute the update part -- of this procedure sys.so check. if (not (is_srvrolemember('sysadmin') = 1)) and suser_sid() <> @dbsid -- ALSO ALLOW db_owner ONLY IF DB REQUESTED IS CURRENT DB and (@dbid <> db_id() or is_member('db_owner') <> 1) begin raiserror(15418,-1,-1) return (1) end -- If we're in a transaction, disallow this since it might make recovery impossible. set implicit_transactions off if @@trancount > 0 begin raiserror(15002,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel') return (1) end set @exec_stmt = 'ALTER DATABASE ' + quotename(@dbname, '[') + ' SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = ' + cast(@input_cmptlevel as nvarchar(128)) -- Note: database @dbname may not exist anymore exec(@exec_stmt) select @new_cmptlevel = @input_cmptlevel return (0) -- sp_dbcmptlevel GO
語法
sp_dbcmptlevel [ [ @dbname = ] name ] [ , [ @new_cmptlevel = ] version ]
參數(shù)
[ @dbname = ] name
要為其更改兼容級(jí)別的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名稱。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名稱必須符合標(biāo)識(shí)符的規(guī)則。name 的數(shù)據(jù)類型為 sysname,默認(rèn)值為 NULL。
[ @new_cmptlevel = ] version
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)要與之兼容的 SQL Server 的版本。version 的數(shù)據(jù)類型為 tinyint,默認(rèn)值為 NULL。該值必須為下列值之一:
80 = SQL Server 2000
90 = SQL Server 2005
100 = SQL Server 2008
返回代碼值
0(成功)或 1(失?。?/p>
注意事項(xiàng):
后續(xù)版本的 Microsoft SQL Server 將刪除該功能。請(qǐng)不要在新的開發(fā)工作中使用該功能,并盡快修改當(dāng)前還在使用該功能的應(yīng)用程序。 改為使用 ALTER DATABASE 兼容級(jí)別。
關(guān)于備份,可以看我的另外一篇文章。
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